Outline of This Chapter

Truth-functional Connectives

Well-formed Formulas (WFFs) of Propositional Logic

Symbolizing English Sentences

Truth Values

Calculating the Truth Value of a Compound Proposition

Calculating Truth Values When Some Components are Unknown

Calculating the Truth Values of Component Propositions

Truth Tables

Properties of Arguments: Validity and Soundness

Basic Concepts

The Truth Table Test for Validity

The Truth Assignment Test for Validity

Properties of Propositions: Tautologies, Contradictions, and Contingencies

Relations between Propositions: Consistency, Entailment, and Equivalence

Inference Rules

Formal Fallacies

Equivalence Rules

Proofs

Proof by Reductio ad Absurdum

Limitations of Propositional Logic